Metals Markets See Volatility, Supply Strain and Policy Shifts

Global base and battery metals traded lower mid-January as sharp intraday swings exposed structural supply-demand imbalances across markets.

SMM spot ranges on Jan. 16 showed weakness in lithium, copper, aluminum, zinc, tin and nickel, while some battery chemicals—battery-grade nickel sulphate and cobalt sulphate—posted small gains. Trading intensity varied by metal, underscoring uneven liquidity and regional demand patterns.

Copper was especially volatile: the most-traded SHFE contract oscillated significantly but held above the 100,000-yuan mark over the week, masking a divergence between price moves and physical volumes. Bare bright copper quotes in Guangdong displayed relative resilience despite broader instability.

In energy‑adjacent markets, domestic petroleum coke supply is rising even as downstream demand softens; pre-holiday stockpiling may buoy low‑sulphur coke for anode production, while mid/high‑sulphur grades rely on just‑in‑time buying for aluminum carbon use.

Aluminum saw a dramatic short-term rally that pushed billet processing fees into negative territory after rapid price gains, highlighting how volatile futures can compress downstream margins.

Policy signals also weighed on markets: a U.S. decision not to impose tariffs on rare earths, lithium and other critical minerals reduced arbitrage spreads and prompted reassessment of international flows. Exchange-rate moves added another layer of uncertainty.

Overall, the market faces short-term price gyrations atop deeper structural imbalances in supply, processing margins and trade policy.