Emerging Clean-Energy Resource Developments

Armenia is positioning itself as an emerging investment frontier for rare earth elements critical to the clean-energy transition.
Geological indications point to promising REE-bearing deposits, and authorities are offering regulatory and exploration incentives. Commercial development will depend on detailed resource delineation, beneficiation routes, and building downstream processing capacity to capture value rather than exporting raw ore.
In Morocco, a $32.8 billion green-hydrogen push aims to produce green ammonia and fuels for European markets, with construction expected from 2027 and over 15,000 jobs projected by 2030. Success will require large-scale renewable generation, electrolyser deployment, and export logistics for hydrogen carriers.
Cuba’s Bioliza, working with UNIDO, is coordinating universities, state enterprises, and private actors to convert agricultural and industrial residues into energy and higher-value bioproducts. The initiative highlights the importance of technology transfer, workforce training, and integrated supply chains.
Taken together, these regional initiatives illustrate how geological potential, targeted investment, industrial processing, and governance frameworks will determine whether resource-rich emerging markets become competitive, sustainable suppliers for low-carbon technologies.